I saw often there is a wind guide (or some other name, anyway, I mean the peice of metal plate cover) on top of the cab so that the truck has better airodynamics. Thus it gives some space between it and the top of the cab. Is it allowed to put something there?
Don't know about being able to put anything up there. Never had the need for that. It's called a dunce cap by most drivers, just so ya know.
If you end up down in the Laredo, TX area, make sure you check that area for uninvited passengers (illegals).
Anything you carry on the truck must be secured according to DOT regulations... so if you DO carry something there must be 'rated' securement devices ...don't think there are many on the top of a tractor.
I used to carry a spare tire up there on one truck I drove and had it bungeed to one of the support brackets. Today I would use a strap instead. DOT never said anything, but that's not to say some nit-picky officer won't get all up tight about it.
A lot of times that is where the satellite is mounted for your qualcomm. It is also going to depend on what truck you have. Some don't have them at all, some are very small. It would definitely be a pain in the butt to get to!