Ham Ops, What Hand-Helds Do You Own?
Discussion in 'CB Radio Forum' started by delta5, Feb 11, 2011.
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Hams are given chunks of frequencies to use in several areas. Some are in the shortwave bands, where we talk all over the world. We also get a few chunks of the VHF FM public service bands where we use short range FM radios like the police, fire and businesses use. Most counties in the US have at least one repeater tower for ham use, just like the police. These radios transmit on one channel into the repeater tower receiver, then at the same time, that audio is rebroadcasted on another channel from the repeater tower to all the radios in the area with more power and coverage. this is how a 4 watt radio is able to talk from one end of a county to another. It is a two channel system. talk into the repeater system on one channel and hear the rebroadcast on the repeater output. The police and fire depts all use the same thing. Most ham repeater units and their antennas are located on rented or donated commercial tower space, or on a high building or water tower. Its mostly paid for by the local ham radio clubs. Most repeaters are open for all licensed hams, even if you are not a member. The Amateur Radio Relay League (ARRL) is the organization that helps organize ham radio and is our liason to the FCC. It serves the same purpose as the NRA does to gun owners or OOIDA does for trucking. The ARRL sells a repeater guide that tells you what you need to program your radio to work on every listed repeater in the country. Its like our phone book.
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There are also allot of repeater systems out there that are linked via 220 or 440 as back bones and make for some really wide area repeater systems. I know of a few along the blue ridge moutains that cover from West Virginia all the way into north Florida. And we have a few that run down the Arkansas Oklahoma border and link all the way into Dallas/Ft Worth area.
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So you can hold conversations and what not with these walkie talkies, or they they have to go thru the repeater first.
Is there any delays in the messages or is the message instant like if you were talking over a phone? -
You can use a repeater to extend the range, or for instance to include people who are "at range" in a conversation with a bunch of locals, or you can talk radio-to-radio, which is called "simplex", without a repeater. Simplex range is limited by line of sight plus about 15%, same as with repeaters, except that repeaters, being up high (usually), have a very distant horizon, so they extend the range over which they're useful.
There is no delay when going through a repeater; the caveat is that only one person can speak at a time, so it's not quite like a telephone. Since the repeater can only handle one signal coming in on its receiver at a time, it means only one user can be talking at a time.
That mode is referred to as "semi-duplex", meaning you're talking and receiving on two different frequencies, but not at the same time. The repeater is running "full duplex", since its transmitter is on at the same time as its receiver. Cell phones are full duplex; Nextel and other "phones" that have push-to-talk modes are in half-duplex when used like that, and full duplex when making a regular call.
CB is simplex, as we talk and receive on the same frequency, and talk and listen at alternating times.
HTH,
-- Handlebar --
Icom IC-2SAT, IC-2GAT, IC-U16, IC-V16 (Guess I'm in kind of an Icom rut) -
Its just like talking on a police radio system. The repeater rebroadcasts your audio on another channel that all radios are listening too.
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Heck with my 2 meter station on our simplex net i hear HT's 7-10 miles away.
We have 2 control stations with GP-9's at 60 foot and my CAABC23 is up at almost 45. 99% of the problem with HT range is the fact too many people put up junk antennas like J-Poles 2 meters is a band that you need capture area and gain ....
The bigger a antenna the better ......
If the winter did not blow it down your antenna was not big enough ..... -
I like the 2 meter Mega link system in New Mexico.
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You got to love ECHOLINK
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I've had some great QSO's thru both Echolink and IRLP, but both systems need the operator to know the local node's PL, and perhaps a linking code or command. Being mobile everywhere makes this difficult to know. I also run APRS, so friends can APRS msg me with the node's freq and PL and we can QSO after they have established the link, but finding it on my own while driving is a challenge.
The New Mexico Megalink system posts on APRS the location of their nodes with freq and PL. More local repeaters around the country are starting to do this and I think it is wonderful. But it is always fun when making a new contact on a local repeater, and telling the other station you found it by APRS, when the other station Op has no idea what APRS is, or how it works.
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