I used to run a tridrive KW winch truck with lockers throughout. That thing rocked in the mud!
Driving down steep grades in icy conditions
Discussion in 'Questions From New Drivers' started by Lepton1, Sep 21, 2017.
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I've been thinking about this thread, especially @Toomanybikes suggestion that simply advising folks that using Jakes on a slick downhill might lead newer drivers into trouble. The video in the OP is a really good example of how to do it and the driver talks through much of it really well. Allow me to discuss some of what I have learned.
Let's take a typical scenario faced by OTR drivers: running I-70 west of Denver in the winter when chains AREN'T required. The roads could be bone dry or there could be slick patches, but a common problem will be the lenticular cloud sitting on the pass above the Eisenhower Tunnel. For several miles on either side of the pass you are in a blizzard and the snow plows either can't keep up or the storm was so sudden they haven't started yet.
Coming out of the tunnel you start your descent without chains in really slick conditions. You need to control your speed, but without using Jakes you are faced with miles of 6%+ grade to get down without overheating your brakes.
Jakes hold you back by basically turning your cylinders into air compressors:
How An Engine Brake Works
If you have an eight cylinder engine and three different Jake settings (Low, Medium, and High) then in Low two out of eight cylinders will be holding you back, Medium will have 4/8, and High will have 6/8. It's impossible to have all the cylinders run a Jake, because that would stall the engine.
The higher your rpm's the more powerful the holding power of the Jake. The Jake is designed to cancel itself if your rpm's get down to 800 so it won't stall the engine.
Now let's apply that to descending Eisenhower in a blizzard. I start in a gear at about 800-900 rpm's, where the Jake has the very least amount of holding power. I select Low setting. This applies the least amount of holding power to the drive tires. As rpm's increase past 1200 that holding power increases and I experiment with Medium with light (5 psi brake pressure) or even High IF I don't feel any loss of traction.
The moment I feel even the slightest loss of traction I will immediately cancel the Jake and get on the service brakes lightly, maybe even upshift as needed. This means you temporarily will pick up speed. Control that speed with light service brakes and get back below 1000 rpm's and try again in the new gear with light Jake setting.
Obviously in these kind of conditions you want to be going slower than dry conditions. The goal is to find the gear that allows you to modulate between Low and Medium Jake with light snub braking or light continuous braking. Be prepared to upshift and coast for a couple of seconds without jakes if you feel yourself starting to slide and apply light service brakes to bring the speed back down. Coasting is your friend, it helps eliminate a slide.
The important difference between using Jakes in dry versus slick conditions is speed of descent and setting. You come down slower in slick conditions and at lower Jake settings.WesternPlains Thanks this. -
Lepton1 Thanks this.
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I learned to drive in Alaska, in the winter, using a jake brake. There are times it should be OFF, but in general I always had it on. I do have one thing very much in my favor and that is 38 years of winter driving experience in Alaska, prior to learning how to drive a semi. I fear no winter driving conditions, but I do know how to respect them.
That is an excellent video. To hazard a guess I would say that is the haul road in AK, in the spring. One point he touched on was the temperature while navigating a corner in the shade. the single biggest determining factor in available traction, is temperature (you do have proper tires, right?) when ice/snow is involved. The nearer to freeze/thaw the temp is, the slicker it is. He mentioned 22*F, that provides pretty good traction, at 10*F there is really good traction, as it gets colder the traction improves to down right excellent. One thing he did not mention was driving in the tracks of other vehicles vs. beside them. The lesser traction is in the tracks, and if they are ruts you are very compromised. If the tracks are flat and smooth and are not marginalizing traction and control, you are generally good to go, but be aware that in icy/snowy conditions that it could change in an instant. Also, the tracks will have little to no sand to aid traction, beside the tracks is where the material gets displaced. Driving beside the tracks is usually more predictable and safer. If you are in the tracks and feel things getting squirrelly, EASE over to displaced sand.Last edited: Sep 23, 2017
not4hire, WesternPlains, AModelCat and 2 others Thank this.
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